Durum Wheat
Durum wheat (Triticum durum) is a hard white wheat grown as a primary agricultural crop; the grain is harvested, dried and traded as a dried bulk commodity for further processing into semolina, flour and other food products.
Prices, specifications and international trade for durum wheat under HS 100119.
Durum Wheat Price
Published reference · Jul 1, 2026
Durum wheat is quoted in USD/t at CAN. Historical customs values may differ from the headline reference.
Explore durum wheat pricesDurum Wheat Exports and Imports
Canada led reported durum wheat exports in 2025, at $1.7B.
Compare durum wheat exporting countriesDurum Wheat Specifications and Quality
Durum wheat grading factors include Protein, Ash, and Moisture.
Grading Factors
Quality assessment for durum wheat considers Protein, Ash, and Moisture.
- Protein
Measures the protein percentage; higher protein is valued for pasta quality.
- Ash
Measures mineral residue; limits ensure purity of semolina and flour.
- Moisture
Measures grain moisture; excess moisture promotes mold and insect activity.
- Particle size
Percentage passing a 315 µm sieve; defines fineness of semolina or flour.
- Extraneous matter
Measures foreign material, stones, weed seeds; affects cleanliness and processing.
Common Defects
Recorded defects for durum wheat include Fines and foreign material, Insect infestation, and Excess moisture.
- Fines and foreign material
Small particles and weed seeds increase mold risk and impede aeration.
- Insect infestation
Living insects or insect‑bored kernels compromise grain quality.
- Excess moisture
Moisture above recommended limits leads to mold growth during storage.
Durum Wheat Facts and HS Code
Durum wheat belongs to wheat within grains, oilseeds, oils and feed. Its customs classification covers HS 100119.
Durum Wheat HS Code
| Also known as | hard white wheat, Triticum durum |
|---|---|
| Scientific name | Triticum durum Desf. |
| Category | Wheat — Grains, oilseeds, oils and feed |
| HS codes | 100119 |
| Quoted in | USD/t |
| Reference location | CAN |
Production & Handling
Durum wheat storage guidance: Stored in clean, dry bulk bags or silos with moisture ≤13.5% (wet basis) and protected from fines and insect infestation.
Production and Storage
| Storage conditions | Stored in clean, dry bulk bags or silos with moisture ≤13.5% (wet basis) and protected from fines and insect infestation. |
|---|---|
| Processing steps |
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Uses & Risks
Durum wheat is used in Pasta production, Couscous and other traditional foods, and Animal feed.
End Uses
- Pasta production
Semolina from durum wheat is milled into pasta dough.
- Couscous and other traditional foods
Whole durum wheat semolina is used directly in couscous.
- Animal feed
Lower‑grade durum wheat may be used as a feed ingredient.
- Human consumption flour
Durum wheat flour is used for breads and specialty products.
Uses and Related Commodities
| Standards |
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Sourcing risks
| Risk | Mitigation |
|---|---|
Fusarium head blight DiseaseHigh FHB can reduce grain quality and cause discoloration under humid conditions. | Use resistant varieties and staggered seeding dates to avoid peak infection periods. |
Rainfall at maturity ClimateMedium Heavy rain after maturity can bleach grain and lower amber color. | Early seeding to allow earlier harvest before rainy periods. |
Insect infestation PestMedium Living insects and insect‑bored kernels introduce filth and reduce grain quality. | Clean harvesting equipment and apply appropriate insect control measures. |
Durum Wheat Questions
- What is the maximum moisture content allowed for stored durum wheat?
- Durum wheat should be stored with moisture not exceeding 13.5% on a wet basis to prevent mold and insect growth.
- What protein level is required for durum wheat semolina?
- Durum wheat semolina must contain at least 10.5% protein on a dry basis, while whole durum wheat semolina requires a minimum of 11.5%.
- What are the limits for ash content in durum wheat flour?
- Durum wheat flour must not exceed 1.75% ash on a dry basis, ensuring low mineral residue.