Milling Wheat
Milling wheat is the raw grain of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) harvested for further processing into flour and other food products. It is traded as a bulk agricultural commodity and moves from farm storage to grain elevators and ports.
Prices, specifications and international trade for milling wheat under HS 100199.
Milling Wheat Price
Published reference · Jul 1, 2026
Milling wheat is quoted in USD/t at AUS. Historical customs values may differ from the headline reference.
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Explore milling wheat suppliersMilling Wheat Exports and Imports
Canada led reported milling wheat exports in 2025, at $6.3B.
Compare milling wheat exporting countriesMilling Wheat Specifications and Quality
Milling wheat grading factors include Moisture, Test weight, and Broken kernels.
Grading Factors
Quality assessment for milling wheat considers Moisture, Test weight, and Broken kernels.
- Moisture
Measures water content; high moisture promotes mold and reduces storage stability.
- Test weight
Weight per hectolitre; indicates density and overall grain quality.
- Broken kernels
Percentage of kernels broken during handling; affects milling yield.
- Foreign matter
Presence of extraneous material, insects, or ergot; impacts food safety.
- Protein
Protein content influences flour strength and end‑use suitability.
- Falling number
Alpha‑amylase activity; low values indicate sprouting damage.
Common Defects
Recorded defects for milling wheat include Sprout damage, Mould, and Insect infestation.
- Sprout damage
Sprouted grains have visible root or shoot growth, indicating enzyme activity that can reduce baking quality and cause sticky crumb in bread.
- Mould
Fungal growth on grains can produce mycotoxins and off-flavours, making the lot unsuitable for milling.
- Insect infestation
Insects such as weevils can infest stored grain, causing weight loss and contamination.
Milling Wheat Facts and HS Code
Milling wheat belongs to wheat within grains, oilseeds, oils and feed. Its customs classification covers HS 100199.
Milling Wheat HS Code
| Also known as | Milling wheat, US SRW, Milling wheat, US HRW, Feed wheat |
|---|---|
| Scientific name | Triticum aestivum L. |
| Product type | Raw |
| Position in the chain | Primary |
| Category | Wheat — Grains, oilseeds, oils and feed |
| HS codes | 100199 |
| HS6 description | Cereals; wheat and meslin, other than durum wheat, other than seed |
| Quoted in | USD/t |
| Reference location | AUS |
Production & Handling
Milling wheat storage guidance: Store milling wheat in dry, well-ventilated silos or warehouses to prevent moisture uptake and mould growth. Control temperature and moisture to avoid insect infestation and spoilage, which can reduce milling quality and create off-flavours.
Production and Storage
| Perishability | Low |
|---|---|
| Temperature regime | Ambient |
| Storage conditions | Store milling wheat in dry, well-ventilated silos or warehouses to prevent moisture uptake and mould growth. Control temperature and moisture to avoid insect infestation and spoilage, which can reduce milling quality and create off-flavours. |
| Production methods | Farmed |
| Processing steps |
|
Packaging
Typical milling wheat packaging includes Bulk hopper and Bulk bags.
- Bulk hopper
Bulk grain is transported in hopper trucks or railcars, which is efficient for large volumes and preserves grain quality.
- Bulk bags
Large woven polypropylene bags are used for smaller lots or where bagged handling is preferred, such as for specialty buyers.
Uses & Risks
Milling wheat is used in Flour production, Pasta and noodles, and Animal feed.
End Uses
- Flour production
Milling wheat is ground into flour, which is the primary ingredient for bread, cakes, pastries, and other baked goods.
- Pasta and noodles
The flour is used to make various pasta and noodle products, though durum wheat is often preferred for high-quality pasta.
- Animal feed
Lower-grade or surplus milling wheat may be used in animal feed formulations, providing energy and protein to livestock.
- Starch extraction
Wheat starch extracted from milling wheat is used as a thickener, stabilizer, and ingredient in processed foods.
Uses and Related Commodities
| Downstream industries | Flour milling, Bakery and bread production, Pasta and noodle manufacturing, Animal feed compounding |
|---|
Sourcing risks
| Risk | Mitigation |
|---|---|
Mycotoxin contamination Food safetyHigh Mycotoxins such as ochratoxin A can develop if wheat is stored with moisture above 13 % and warm temperatures. | Maintain moisture below 13 % and store at cool, dry conditions. |
High rainfall during harvest ClimateMedium Excess moisture from rain can raise grain moisture, increasing spoilage risk. | Prompt drying and proper storage after harvest. |
Insect infestation PestMedium Living insects or their damage can render wheat unfit for milling. | Use sealed transport, regular pest control, and inspection at intake. |
Milling Wheat Questions
- What is milling wheat?
- Milling wheat is the common wheat variety traded for processing into flour and other milled products. It is the raw material for the milling industry and is distinct from durum wheat, which is used for pasta.
- How does milling wheat differ from feed wheat?
- Milling wheat is distinct from feed wheat, which is lower in protein and other quality factors and is used for animal feed. Milling wheat must meet stricter specifications for protein content, moisture, and other quality parameters to be suitable for flour production.
- What quality factors are important when buying milling wheat?
- Key quality factors include protein content, moisture content, test weight, and falling number. Protein content affects gluten strength and baking quality, moisture affects storage stability and yield, test weight indicates grain density and flour yield, and falling number measures enzyme activity and sprout damage.
- How should milling wheat be stored?
- Milling wheat is stored in dry, well-ventilated silos or warehouses to prevent moisture uptake and mould growth. Temperature and moisture must be controlled to avoid insect infestation and spoilage, which can reduce milling quality and create off-flavours.
- What happens to milling wheat after it is sold?
- Milling wheat is processed by cleaning, conditioning, and milling into flour. The flour is then used in bakeries, food manufacturing, and other applications, while the bran and germ are by-products.